Platinum catalyst Platinum catalyst (English name platinum catalyst) is a general term for catalysts made of metal platinum as the main active component. Using platinum metal mesh, platinum black, or supporting platinum on a carrier such as alumina, it may also contain co-catalyst components such as metal rhenium. Mainly used in ammonia oxidation, petroleum hydrocarbon reforming, oxidation and hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds, removal of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in gas, etc. It is a catalyst often used in chemical, petroleum and chemical reaction processes. It has high catalytic activity, strong selectivity, convenient preparation of the catalyst, and small amount of use. The catalytic performance can be optimized by changing and improving the manufacturing method, compounding with other metals or co-catalyst active components, etc. It has a wide range of applications, can be regenerated and activated repeatedly, has a long service life, and the metal palladium of the waste catalyst can be recycled and reused. Many platinum catalyst varieties have become patented products and are used in all walks of life. Platinum catalysts with new structures and catalytic functions are still being developed, which not only makes many difficult-to-achieve reaction processes catalyzed by platinum catalysts possible, but also enables many Industrial production processes such as petroleum and chemical industry have been improved and improved by the use of newly developed platinum catalysts, which simplifies the process and improves economic benefits. Therefore, platinum catalysts still have great development prospects.

Typical platinum catalysts and their uses

The most famous platinum catalysts and their catalytic processes in petroleum and chemical processes are:

(1) Platinum reforming catalyst and platinum reforming process: In the petroleum refining industry, the C6~C8 alkane fractions in the oil are separated, and after reforming, they are converted into C6~C8 aromatic hydrocarbons, namely benzene, toluene, and xylene. The catalyst used is a platinum catalyst, and the purpose of the process is to increase the production of aromatic hydrocarbons and improve the octane number of gasoline. The catalyst used in the reforming process, also known as single platinum catalyst (English name single platinum catalyst), uses platinum as the metal active component, γ-alumina as the carrier, the platinum content is 0.3~0.7%, and the acid component is chlorine or chlorofluorine. compound, the content is 0.1~0.3%. The bulk density of the catalyst is 0.79~0.85g/cm, white, cylindrical particles. The active component platinum acts to accelerate the dehydrogenation and aromatization of linear alkanes. Increasing the platinum content in the catalyst is beneficial to the aromatization reaction and the anti-toxicity of the catalyst. Another platinum reforming catalyst is a platinum-rhenium bimetallic catalyst. The reforming reaction temperature is 400~500℃, and the pressure is 2.5~3.0MPa. The catalyst life cycle can be more than one year.

(2) Ammonia oxidation process adopts platinum-rhodium wire mesh catalyst. Ammonia and air react through platinum-rhodium wire mesh catalyst at 850~900℃ to generate nitric oxide and water, and nitric oxide is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide, and water is absorbed to form Nitric acid.

(3) Low-carbon hydrocarbon catalytic aromatization, C5~C6 hydrocarbon isomerization process adopts platinum-supported alumina catalyst. The purpose is to increase the production of aromatics and improve the octane number of gasoline.