1、 Acrylic latex paint
Acrylic latex paint is usually made up of acrylic emulsion, pigments, fillers, water and auxiliaries. With the advantages of moderate cost, excellent weather resistance, good performance adjustability and no organic solvent release, it is a kind of coating product with rapid development in recent years. It is mainly used for the coating of internal and external walls of buildings, leather coating, etc. Recently, there are some new types of wood latex paint, self crosslinking latex paint and so on. Acrylic latex paint can be divided into pure acrylic, styrene, silicone, acrylic and other varieties according to the different emulsion.
2、 Solvent based acrylic paint
Solvent based acrylic paint has excellent weather resistance and high mechanical properties. It is a kind of coating with rapid development at present. Solvent based acrylic paint can be divided into self drying acrylic paint (thermoplastic) and cross-linked curing acrylic paint (thermosetting). The former belongs to non conversion coating, and the latter belongs to conversion coating. Self drying acrylic coating is mainly used in building coating, plastic coating, electronic coating, road marking coating, etc. it has the advantages of rapid surface drying, easy construction, protection and decoration. The disadvantage is that the solid content is not easy to be too high, the hardness and elasticity are not easy to take into account, a construction can not get a very thick film, film fullness is not ideal. Crosslinking and curing acrylic paint mainly includes amino acrylic paint, polyurethane acrylic paint, alkyd acrylic paint, radiation curing acrylic paint and other varieties. It is widely used in automobile coating, electrical coating, wood coating, building coating and so on. Generally, the crosslinked acrylic coating has a high solid content, which can produce a very thick coating film with excellent mechanical properties. It can be made into a coating with high weatherability, fullness, elasticity and hardness. The disadvantage is that the two-component coating, construction is more troublesome, many varieties also need to heat or radiation curing, environmental conditions are relatively high, generally need better equipment, more skilled painting skills.
3、 Polyurethane paint
Polyurethane coating is a kind of common coating, which can be divided into two-component polyurethane coating and one component polyurethane coating. The two-component polyurethane coating is generally composed of isocyanate prepolymer (also known as low molecular carbamate polymer) and hydroxyl resin, commonly known as curing agent component and main agent component. This kind of coating has many varieties and wide application range. It can be divided into acrylic polyurethane, alkyd polyurethane, polyester polyurethane, polyether polyurethane, epoxy polyurethane and other varieties according to different hydroxyl components. Generally, they have good mechanical properties, high solid content and good performance in all aspects. It is a kind of coating with great development prospect. The main application directions are wood coating, automobile repair coating, anticorrosive coating, floor coating, electronic coating, special coating, etc. The disadvantage is that the construction process is complex, the requirements for the construction environment are very high, and the paint film is easy to produce disadvantages. One component polyurethane coating mainly includes urethane oil coating, moisture curing polyurethane coating and closed polyurethane coating. The application area is not as wide as the two-component coating, mainly used for floor coating, anticorrosive coating, pre coil coating, etc., and its overall performance is not as comprehensive as the two-component coating.
4、 Nitrolacquer
Nitrocellulose paint is a common coating for wood and decoration. It has the advantages of good decoration, simple construction, rapid drying, low requirements for painting environment, good hardness and brightness, no film defects and easy repair. The disadvantage is that the solid content is low, and more construction passes are needed to achieve better results; the durability is not good, especially the internal nitro paint, which has poor light and color retention, and is prone to defects such as loss of light, cracking, discoloration and so on if it is used for a little longer time; the protective effect of the paint film is not good, and it is not resistant to organic solvents, heat and corrosion. Nitrocellulose is the main film-forming material of nitrolacquer, which is composed of alkyd resin, modified rosin resin, acrylic resin, amino resin and other soft and hard resins. Generally, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl ester, oxidized castor oil and other plasticizers should also be added. The main solvents are esters, ketones, alcohol ethers and other real solvents, alcohol and other cosolvents, and benzene and other diluents. Nitrocellulose paint is mainly used for painting wood and furniture, home decoration, general decoration coating, metal coating, general cement coating, etc.
5、 Epoxy paint
Epoxy paint is a kind of industrial paint which has developed rapidly in recent years. Generally speaking, the paint with more epoxy groups in its composition is called epoxy paint. The main variety of epoxy paint is two-component paint, which is composed of epoxy resin and curing agent. There are some other single component self drying varieties, but their performance is different from that of two-component coating. The main advantages of epoxy paint are strong adhesion to cement, metal and other inorganic materials; the paint itself is very corrosion-resistant; excellent mechanical properties, wear-resistant, impact resistant; it can be made into solvent-free or high solid paint; organic solvent resistant, heat-resistant, water-resistant; non-toxic film. The disadvantage is that the weather resistance is not good, and it may be powdered after a long time of sunlight exposure, so it can only be used for primer or interior paint; the decoration is poor, and the gloss is not easy to maintain; the construction environment is required to be high, and the film curing is slow at low temperature, and the effect is not good; many varieties need high-temperature solidification, and the investment of coating equipment is large. Epoxy resin coating is mainly used for floor coating, automobile primer, metal corrosion protection, chemical corrosion protection, etc.
6、 Amino paint
The amino paint is mainly composed of two parts, one is amino resin component, mainly including butylated melamine formaldehyde resin, methylether melamine formaldehyde resin, butylated urea formaldehyde resin and other resins. The second part is hydroxyl resin, mainly including short and medium oil alkyd resin, containing hydroxy acrylic resin, epoxy resin and other resins. In addition to the urea formaldehyde resin paint (commonly known as acid curing paint) used for wood coatings, the main varieties of amino paint need to be cured by heating. Generally, the curing temperature is more than 100 ℃, and the curing time is more than 20 minutes. The cured film has excellent performance, hard and full, bright and gorgeous, firm and durable, and has good decorative and protective functions. The disadvantages are high requirements for coating equipment, high energy consumption, not suitable for small-scale production. Amino paint is mainly used for automobile top coat, furniture coating, home appliance coating, all kinds of metal surface coating, instrument and industrial equipment coating.
7、 Alkyd paint
Alkyd paint is mainly composed of alkyd resin. It is a kind of coating with the largest production in China. It has the advantages of low price, simple construction, low requirements for construction environment, full and hard coating, good durability and weather resistance, good decoration and protection. The disadvantage is that the drying is slow, the coating is not easy to meet the higher requirements, not suitable for high decorative occasions. Alkyd paint is mainly used for the coating of general wood, furniture and home decoration, general metal decoration coating, metal anti-corrosion coating with low requirements, coating of general agricultural machinery, automobiles, instruments, industrial equipment, etc.
8、 Unsaturated polyester paint
Unsaturated polyester paint is also a kind of paint with rapid development recently. It can be divided into two categories: air drying unsaturated polyester and radiation curing (UV curing) unsaturated polyester. The main advantage is that it can be made into solvent-free paint, and thick paint film can be obtained by one-time brushing. The requirement of painting temperature is not high, and the paint film has good decorative effect, and the paint film is tough, wear-resistant and easy to maintain. The disadvantage is that the film shrinkage is large during curing, and the adhesion to the substrate is easy to cause problems. Generally, the air drying unsaturated polyester needs polishing treatment, and the procedures are relatively cumbersome. The radiation curing unsaturated polyester has high requirements on the coating equipment and is not suitable for small-scale production. Unsaturated polyester paint is mainly used in furniture, wooden floor, metal anti-corrosion and other aspects.
9、 Vinyl paint
Vinyl paint includes vinyl acetate copolymer resin paint, polyvinyl butyral paint, vinylidene chloride, perchloroethylene, chlorosulfonated polyethylene paint, etc. The main advantages of vinyl paint are weather resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, water resistance, insulation, mildew resistance and good flexibility. Its disadvantages mainly include general heat resistance, difficult to make high solid coating, general mechanical properties, poor decorative properties and so on. Vinyl paint is mainly used in industrial anti-corrosion coating, electrical insulation coating, phosphating primer, metal coating, external coating, etc.
10、 Phenolic paint
Phenolic resin is the product of condensation of phenol and aldehyde in the presence of catalyst. Oil soluble phenolic resin is mainly used in paint industry. The advantages of phenolic paint are fast drying, bright and hard film, good water resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. The disadvantage is that it is easy to turn yellow, not suitable to be made into light color paint, and the weather resistance is not good. Phenolic paint is mainly used for anticorrosive coating, insulating coating, general metal coating, general decorative coating, etc
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