What is silane coupling agent? Silane: the "versatile" in the chemical world
Silane, as a general term for the compound series formed by silicon and hydrogen, among which silane (SiH ₄) is the most common. It exists in the form of colorless gas, volatile liquid, or solid, with the chemical formula Si ₙ H ₙ₊₂.


The chemical properties of silane are lively and far less stable than the corresponding organic alkanes. All silanes are prone to decomposition when heated, and the more complex the molecules, the faster the decomposition rate. For example, silane can decompose completely within 20 hours at 300 ℃, forming a brown coating on the glass wall. The reaction between silane and oxygen is extremely violent, sensitive to air, and can even undergo explosive reactions with oxygen at extremely low temperatures. It also has strong reducibility and can reduce various metal ions in aqueous solutions. When reacting with chlorine or bromine, it can cause explosions.


In the application field, silane can be called a "versatile". In semiconductor manufacturing, electronic grade silane gas is a key specialty gas used in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes to deposit solid films on the surface of silicon wafers to form circuit component structures. In the photovoltaic industry, it is used to prepare polycrystalline silicon thin films and passivation layers for solar cells, improving the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the cells. In terms of metals, industrial grade silane gas can form silicon containing coatings on steel surfaces, enhancing corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance. In addition, silane is widely used in fields such as glass manufacturing, rubber processing, and coating modification to improve product performance.